Anybody with Internet access and an
interest in John Kerry has probably seen my photograph by now --
or the part of it that I made, anyway. The other part is a fake, a
visual lie. There's an AP credit down in the right corner. That's a lie,
too. As far as I know, John Kerry never shared a demonstration
podium with Jane Fonda, and the fact that a widely circulated photo
showed him doing so -- until it was exposed in recent weeks as a hoax
-- tells us more about the troublesome combination of Photoshop
and the Internet than it does about the prospective Democratic
candidate for president.
There have been two Kerry-Fonda
pictures circulating around the Net, both promoted by conservative groups
eager to link Kerry to Fonda's support for North Vietnam during the
Vietnam War. One of these photos is real: the picture that shows the two
of them in the same audience, some rows apart, at an anti-war rally.
But the other, in which an angry-looking Fonda appears to be in
mid-speech, with Kerry at her shoulder, is a paste-up job that
started with a photo I made in 1971, when I was a 20-year-old student with
big ideas about the power of photography.
I was trying to document the entire era
with a camera. I believed photographs could bear witness, could
help Americans understand each other, and I had spent the previous two
years making images of a divided nation: antiwar rallies,
veterans' parades, students facing off against national guardsmen. One
afternoon in June, I attended a large rally in Mineola, N.Y., close to
my parents' home. I recall the day vividly: the guy with a hardhat,
the girl in a peasant blouse, the thousands of people sitting on the
ground with American flags and peace signs. Speaker after speaker came
to the stage to denounce the war in Vietnam. I kept shooting.
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THE REAL DEAL: JOHN KERRY, JUNE 13, 1970, MINEOLA, NY Photo by KEN LIGHT/Corbis |
Finally, one speaker in particular
caught my attention -- a highly decorated Vietnam veteran named John
Kerry. It was a powerful experience, hearing a war hero speak so
forcefully against the war, and I made a few more photographs. I
was still very young, but I'd learned enough to know that negatives
are sacred, and that every roll of film must be carefully filed away
for future use. So Roll 68 went into my file cabinet, where it remained
until just a few weeks ago.
Watching Kerry emerge as the Democratic
front-runner this year, I recalled that I had an image or two of
him from way back when. The negatives were easy to find. Captioned
and scanned, they flew off to the New York agency now representing
some of my work. I have remained a photojournalist, and now teach
students who are only a little older than I was in 1971, but who are working
in a different world. Who could have predicted that my Ethical
Problems in Photography presentation would be showing young
journalists how National Geographic moved one of the Egyptian
pyramids to make it fit on a cover better, or the way colleges
seeking a more diverse image edit African American faces into sports
crowds that look too white?
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FAKED PHOTO WITH FALSE CAPTION |
It's not that photographic imagery was
ever unquestionable in its veracity; as long as pictures have been
made from photographic film, people have known how to alter images
by cropping. But what I've been trying to teach my students about how
easy and professional-looking these distortions of truth have become
in the age of Photoshop -- and how harmful the results can be -- had
never hit me so personally as the day I found out somebody had pulled
my Kerry picture off my agency's Web site, stuck Fonda at his
side, and then used the massive, unedited reach of the Internet to
distribute it all over the world.
I've spent a lot of time answering
questions about this in the past couple of weeks, and this time, as far
as I can tell, the Internet has come as close as it gets to a
correction. If you use a search engine to look for my Kerry picture now,
you'll find the hoax explanations before you see the photo itself. So
what do I do now about the conspiratorial Web site that's trying
to convince its readers that my original picture was the hoax -- that
Fonda really was at that podium with Kerry, and somebody edited "Hanoi
Jane" out? All I can do is pull Roll 68 out of the file cabinet again.
It's my visual record, my unretouched truth.
Ken Light is a photographer and teacher.